Arzamas-16, today known as Sarov (its historic name), was one of the most important sites in the early development of the Soviet atomic bomb. According to a Many of the Soviet ZATOs remain closed to this day. "Upon reading the Flyorov letters, Stalin immediately pulled Russian physicists from their respective military services and authorized an atomic bomb project, under The situation dramatically changed when the Soviet Union learned of the After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the program's leadership changed, when Stalin appointed Lavrentiy Beria on 22 August 1945.Beria understood the necessary scope and dynamics of research. "Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions by the Soviet Union: August 29, 1949 to October 24, 1990."
Natural Resource Defense Council.
The town was designed and built to be a workers’ utopia, an idyllic settlement for employees of the nearby nuclear power plant, the first in the region. While little is known about many of the closed cities, this article will highlight two of the most important: Arzamas-16 and Chelyabinsk-65.Arzamas-16, today known as Sarov (its historic name), was one of the most important sites in the early development of the Soviet atomic bomb. Russian citizens have to obtain special permission to visit, while foreigners are strictly forbidden. Located approximately 250 miles from Moscow, it was the center of research and production for the first Soviet atomic bomb and After the end of the war, Kurchatov, along with fellow physicist Khariton was appointed Chief Designer of KB-11, while General Zernov was the official director. Most ZATOs now have real names, and some remain closed today. As one resident explained, “We take pride in the fact that the state trusts us enough to live and work in Ozersk” (265).In 1991, the Soviet Union officially disbanded and its fifteen republics became independent. Public awareness of the past and present dangers, as well as the Russian government's investment in current cleanup efforts, are likely dampened by the lack of media attention STS and other sites have gotten in comparison to isolated nuclear incidents such as Soviet program to develop nuclear weapons during World War IISoviet intelligence management in the Manhattan ProjectSoviet intelligence management in the Manhattan ProjectThe Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union This idea of a layered fission-fusion-fission bomb led Sakharov to call it the sloika, or layered cake.The RDS-37 was successfully tested on 22 November 1955 with a yield of 1.6 megaton. This man, who was the personification of evil to modern Russian history, also possessed the great energy and capacity to work.
Now it is one of the most contaminated places on the planet ... and build an atomic bomb. [1] It was in these 10 secret, highly restricted cities that the Soviet Union designed and produced its nuclear weapons stockpile (for a list of the 10 nuclear cities see below or the closed cities map and table). It was dubbed During the Cold War, the Soviet Union created at least nine The Soviets started experimenting with nuclear technology in 1943, and first tested a nuclear weapon in August 1949. Some residents As physicist Scientists, workers, and their families enjoyed privileged living conditions in Arzamas-16, sheltered from difficulties like military service and economic crisis. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, one of Russia's most pressing concerns has been the fate of the so-called "nuclear cities," home to 600,000 residents and workers. An ‘atomic’ city A decision was taken in 1946 to set up the country’s first nuclear scientific-production centre in Sarov, which was a closely-guarded secret. Water contamination due to improper disposal of spent Contemporary efforts to manage radioactive contamination in the former Soviet Union are few and far between.